{"id":5353,"date":"2020-07-12T18:27:50","date_gmt":"2020-07-12T15:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beta.expo2021hatay.com\/?page_id=5353"},"modified":"2021-06-23T11:30:09","modified_gmt":"2021-06-23T08:30:09","slug":"yerel-zanaatler","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/expo2021hatay.com\/ar\/hatay\/sanat\/yerel-zanaatler\/","title":{"rendered":"Yerel Zanaatler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>YEREL ZANAATLER VE SANAT DALLARI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>AH\u015eAP OYMACILI\u011eI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Ah\u015fap Oyma;\u00a0malzeme \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7izimin \u00f6zel kesici aletlerle istenmeyen yerlerinin yontulmas\u0131 ile elde edilmesi sanat\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Ah\u015fap oyma i\u015finde derin oyma (sand\u0131k \u00fczeri, koltuk i\u015flemesi, vb.), keserek oyma (tu\u011fra, sandalye s\u0131rt\u0131 gibi) ve \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu oyma (heykel, ka\u015f\u0131k, m\u00fczik aleti gibi yontular) teknikleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>AH\u015eAP YAKMA SANATI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Hammadde olarak y\u00fczey kavak, kontrplak, yakma aleti olarak da havya kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lacak konu belirlendikten sonra kontrplak \u00fczerinde \u00e7izim yap\u0131l\u0131r ve \u00e7izim bitirildikten sonra yakma i\u015flemine ge\u00e7ilir. Konu olarak genellikle Hatay\u2019\u0131n eski g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerinden ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel zenginliklerinden esinlenilerek de\u011fi\u015fik boylarda ve ihtiyaca g\u00f6re eserler yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00dcFLEME CAM YAPIMI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\u0130lk ustalar\u0131n cam s\u00fcsleme ve camc\u0131l\u0131k sanat\u0131na d\u00fcnyada cam\u0131n ilk \u00fcretildi\u011fi yerle\u015fim yerlerinden olan Antakya, Suriye ve Filistin b\u00f6lgesinde ba\u015flad\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6ylenmektedir.\u00a0 \u00d6zellikle Antakya ve \u00e7evresinde y\u00f6reye \u00f6zg\u00fc ye\u015fil cam \u00fcfleme sanat\u0131 olduk\u00e7a geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan Antakya cam \u00fcfleme sanat\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir ka\u00e7 usta taraf\u0131ndan icra edilirken, unutulmaya y\u00fcz tutmu\u015f bu sanat dal\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi sa\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk Meydan Hamam\u0131 civar\u0131nda ba\u015flayan bu sanat dal\u0131n\u0131n eserleri hala \u015fehrin farkl\u0131 yerlerinde sergilenmektedir.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>SERAM\u0130K SANATI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Halk aras\u0131nda pi\u015fmi\u015f toprak esasl\u0131 malzeme olarak bilinen seramik, kayalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f etkiler sebebiyle par\u00e7alanmas\u0131yla olu\u015fan kil, kaolen ve benzeri maddelerin yo\u011frulup y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta pi\u015firilmesiyle elde edilir.\u00a0Seramik, bazen basit bir \u00e7\u00f6mlek, bazen sar\u0131ms\u0131 beyaz bir porselen tabak, fincan, bazen bir s\u00fcs e\u015fyas\u0131, bazen evlerin \u00e7at\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaplayan kiremitler, duvarlar\u0131 olu\u015fturan ba\u011flar olarak ya\u015fam\u0131n i\u00e7indedir.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>RES\u0130M\/YA\u011eLI BOYA TABLO <\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Ya\u011fl\u0131 boya tablo, ressamlar taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan, se\u00e7kin\u00a0tablo\u00a0t\u00fcrleri olarak yap\u0131labilir. Renklerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen derinlik nedeniyle tercih edilen\u00a0ya\u011fl\u0131 boya dokulu tablo, odalar\u0131n duvarlar\u0131nda geni\u015flik izlenimi yarat\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>BU\u011eDAY SAPI (C\u0130MEM) \u00d6RMEC\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Anadolu\u2019daki bitkisel \u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck kapsam\u0131na giren Sini \u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi \u00f6ncesine dayan\u0131r. Bitkisel sini \u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, bir di\u011fer ad\u0131 Bu\u011fday sap\u0131 \u00f6r\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olan ve y\u00f6rede genellikle \u201ct\u0131bayka, t\u0131bak, cimem\u201d ad\u0131yla bilinen bu el sanat\u0131 Hatay\u2019\u0131n baz\u0131 il\u00e7e ve k\u00f6ylerinde yap\u0131lmaya devam edilmektedir.\u00a0\u00dczerinde yemek sahanlar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maya yarayan, sofra i\u015fini g\u00f6ren bak\u0131r veya pirin\u00e7ten \u201cb\u00fcy\u00fck tepsi\u201d diye tan\u0131mlanabilen sini; hammaddesi bu\u011fday, \u00e7avdar sap\u0131, rafya ve saz olmak \u00fczere yorucu el eme\u011fi gerektiren bir el sanat\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczd\u00fcr.\u00a0Bug\u00fcn kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 geni\u015flemi\u015f olan siniler, daha \u00e7ok dekoratif ama\u00e7l\u0131 hediyelik s\u00fcs e\u015fya olarak duvar panolar\u0131nda yer bulmakta, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7antalar, kalemlik, meyve ve sebzelik olarak kullan\u0131lmakla beraber, de\u011fi\u015fik formlarda (desen ve renklerde) kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>K\u0130L\u0130M VE ABA DOKUMA<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Tarihi \u00e7ok eski g\u00f6\u00e7ebe k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine kadar giden, \u0130limizde de geleneksel y\u00f6ntemlerle y\u00fczy\u0131llarca y\u0131ld\u0131r devam eden Kilimcilik ve Abac\u0131l\u0131k g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00e7ok az ustan\u0131n gayretleriyle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmektedir. Yaylada\u011f\u0131 Aba G\u00fcre\u015flerinde giyilen Aba, tamamen y\u00f6remize has renk ve motifler ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Her renk her desen ve fig\u00fcr ayr\u0131 anlamlar i\u00e7ermektedir. \u0130pliklerin elde edilmesi yak\u0131n zamana kadar k\u00f6k boyalarla temin edilebilirken g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bu boyalar\u0131n yerini end\u00fcstriyel kuma\u015f boyalar\u0131 ile haz\u0131rlanan iplikler alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Antakya Kilimlerinin ve Abalar\u0131n\u0131n geleneksel y\u00f6ntemlerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan son nesil ustalar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklarla, maliyetlerle mesleklerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeye gayret g\u00f6stermektedirler.<\/p>\r\n<p>Genelde sipari\u015f \u00fczerine Aba, Kilim, \u0130pek \u015eal, \u0130pek Fular dokuyabilen mesle\u011fin son temsilcilerinden Geleneksel Antakya Kilimcisi, Abac\u0131s\u0131 Abdullah Akar; Aba g\u00fcre\u015fi m\u00fcsabakalar\u0131 i\u00e7in Aba dokudu\u011funu, \u0130pek tezg\u00e2h\u0131nda sipari\u015fe g\u00f6re \u015fal ve fular dokudu\u011funu antika dede, baba tezg\u00e2hlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fc gibi korudu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemektedir. Bu Ustam\u0131z Hatay\u2019\u0131n Anavatana kat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 75.y\u0131l\u0131nda 75 g\u00fcnde 75 metre geleneksel Antakya kilimi dokuyarak Guinness Rekorlar kitab\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bunun yan\u0131nda Geleneksel Hatay abas\u0131ndan sipari\u015f \u00fczere 72 \u00fclkeye ihracat\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>TAKI SANATI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\u00c7e\u015fitli inan\u00e7 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcre sahip insanlar\u0131n y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hatay&#8217;da arkeolojik kaz\u0131larda bulunan eserlerden esinlenilen tak\u0131 i\u015fleri; alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, platin gibi de\u011ferli madenler ile de\u011ferli ta\u015f ve yar\u0131 de\u011ferli ta\u015flar\u0131 i\u015fleyerek ayr\u0131ca heykellerin de \u00fczerine kurgu, \u00f6zg\u00fcr tasar\u0131m ile uygulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>S\u0130KKEC\u0130L\u0130K<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\u0130nsano\u011flunun al\u0131\u015fveri\u015flerde m\u00fcbadele\/ayn\u00ee al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f d\u00f6neminden nakd\u00ee d\u00f6neme ge\u00e7i\u015fi sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla icat etmi\u015f oldu\u011fu sikkeler, ilk kez M.\u00d6. 7. Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan, Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da ya\u015fayan ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ekonomiye sahip olan Lydia Devleri taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Romal\u0131lar ise M.\u00d6. 3.yy\u2019\u0131n ortalar\u0131ndan itibaren sikke kullanmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sikkeler; dillere, d\u00f6nemlere ve ad\u0131na bas\u0131lan ki\u015filere g\u00f6re tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. \u0130lk el sanatlar\u0131ndan ve ekonomi d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn bir simgesi olan Sikkecilik Hatay\u2019da da icra edilmektedir. \u0130mitasyonla hayat verilen Antik d\u00f6nem sikkeler, neredeyse orjinallerinden ay\u0131rt edilemeyecek derece g\u00fczel birer taklittir.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>HEYKEL SANATI VE SERPANT\u0130N TA\u015e \u0130\u015e\u00c7\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Heykel;\u00a0ta\u015f, tun\u00e7, bak\u0131r, kil, al\u00e7\u0131, a\u011fa\u00e7, fildi\u015fi vb. gibi maddelerden kal\u0131ba d\u00f6k\u00fclerek, yontularak ya da yo\u011frulup pi\u015firilerek yap\u0131lan insan, hayvan vb. bi\u00e7imlerini yans\u0131tan sanat yap\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0\u00d6zellikle Anadolu Medeniyetlerini kaynak alarak yontma tekni\u011fiyle de\u011fi\u015fik yortular yapmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar aras\u0131nda Hatay M\u00fczesinde bulunan yortular da bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle kendi at\u00f6lyesinde kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc tekni\u011fi kullanarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir\u00e7ok eser mevcut olup gerek ulusal gerek uluslar aras\u0131 bas\u0131nda bir \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yer almaktad\u0131r.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n<p>Serpantin ta\u015f\u0131 asl\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok noktas\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilen do\u011fada bol bulunan bir ta\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat Antakya\u2019da i\u015flenen siyah serpantin ta\u015f\u0131 Antakya, Do\u011fu Akdeniz, K\u0131br\u0131s plakas\u0131na has bir ta\u015ft\u0131r. Do\u011fada genellikle dere yataklar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan\u0131 makbul ve i\u015flemesi kolay olan\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p>Antakya \u0130li ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmi\u015f bu ta\u015f Antakya\u2019da 2350 y\u0131ld\u0131r i\u015flenmektedir. Tak\u0131, m\u00fch\u00fcr, yaz\u0131 plakas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ge\u00e7 Hitit d\u00f6nemindeki m\u00fch\u00fcrler dahi serpantin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Antakya Arkeoloji M\u00fczesi\u2019nde de serpantin eserlere rast gelinmektedir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hediyelik e\u015fya olarak ra\u011fbet g\u00f6ren serpantin ta\u015f\u0131 gerek kolay i\u015flenebilir olmas\u0131 gerekse t\u0131ls\u0131m ve faydal\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck kullan\u0131lan bir obje durumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p>Serpantin ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Roma d\u00f6neminden beri en iyi i\u015fleyebilen ustalar Antakya\u2019da bulunmaktad\u0131r. Heykel, heykelcik, kolye, mumluk, kandil, vazo bunlara \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir. Antakya serpantin ta\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok uygun fiyatlarla pazarlanan bir hediyelik \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak kent turizmine katk\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>NEY KAMI\u015eI \u00dcRET\u0130M\u0130 VE \u00dcFLEME SANATI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Ney, sulak alanlarda, farkl\u0131 boylarda yeti\u015fen Karg\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen budakl\u0131 bir kam\u0131\u015f bitkisinden yap\u0131lan ve k\u00f6kleri S\u00fcmerlere kadar uzanan, \u00fcflemeli sazlar i\u00e7inde yer alan bir \u00e7alg\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\r\n<p>D\u00fcnyada Nil k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda en kaliteli kam\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yeti\u015fti\u011fi b\u00f6lge Hatay\u2019\u0131n Samanda\u011f il\u00e7esi Asi Nehri k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131d\u0131r. En iyi kam\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yeti\u015fmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok uygun bir iklime sahip olan b\u00f6lge, Ney \u00e7alg\u0131 aletinde hem ses kalitesinin y\u00fcksekli\u011fi hem d\u00fczg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hem de \u00e7ap a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kuvvetli olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in tercih edilmektedir.<\/p>\r\n<table width=\"696\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>MOZA\u0130K SANATI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Bir y\u00fczey \u00fczerinde birbirinden farkl\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu par\u00e7alar\u0131n yan yana getirilerek resim olu\u015fturma tekni\u011fine ve ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan esere mozaik denir. \u0130lk olarak be\u015f bin y\u0131l \u00f6nce S\u00fcmerler taraf\u0131ndan ev duvarlar\u0131na bat\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6mlek par\u00e7alar\u0131yla yap\u0131lan bu tekni\u011fin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde iki bi\u00e7imi uygulanmaktad\u0131r: Genelde \u00e7imentodan olu\u015fan zemin malzeme \u00fczerine par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 bat\u0131rmak. Tutkalla yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n aralar\u0131na s\u0131va d\u00f6\u015femek. Par\u00e7ac\u0131k olarak ise seramikten metale, ah\u015faptan cama kadar \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitte, \u015fekilde ve b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte malzeme bir arada kullan\u0131labilmektedir. Mozaik erken \u00e7a\u011flarda \u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015flar\u0131 ve belli belirsiz ta\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 bir araya getirerek \u015fekil verme, geometrik imgeler, motifler, i\u015faretler yapma b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc, taban kaplamas\u0131 \u015feklinde sanatsal \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilinen en eski mozaik par\u00e7alar\u0131 M.\u00d6. 3400\u2018l\u00fc y\u0131llara kadar tarihlendirilmektedir. Helenistik d\u00f6nemde geli\u015fimini, Roma d\u00f6neminde de alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck ta\u015f veya cam par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n Tanr\u0131lar\u0131, \u0130nsanlar\u0131, Hayvanlar\u0131, Bitkileri geometrik \u015fekiller ve renk dizilimleri ile betimlemesi ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir sanatt\u0131r. Mozaik i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi g\u00f6z, matematik, refleks, g\u00f6zlem, sab\u0131r ve a\u015fk ister. Mozaik ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrleri g\u00f6rsel bir \u015f\u00f6len halinde sunar.<\/p>\r\n<p>Antakya\u2019da Roma d\u00f6nemine tarihlenen \u00e7ok zengin bir mozaik koleksiyonu Hatay Arkeoloji M\u00fczesinde sergilenmektedir. M\u00fcze bu eserleriyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck Mozaik m\u00fczesidir. Antik d\u00f6nemlerden beridir mozaik at\u00f6lyeleri ve mozaik okullar\u0131 olan Antakya; kadim zamanlardan beridir en iyi ustalar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yak\u0131n bir zamanda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan M.S.3.y\u00fczy\u0131la tarihlenen ve \u00fczerinde \u2018\u2019 NE\u015eE \u2018\u2019 yazan \u0130skelet Mozai\u011fi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en nadir mozaik eserlerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u0130PEK B\u00d6CEK\u00c7\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 VE DOKUMA<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\u0130pek, ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi larvalar\u0131n\u0131n koza \u00f6rmek i\u00e7in salg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131, parlak ve \u00e7ok ince bir teldir. Bu teller bir\u00a0araya getirilerek ipek iplikleri elde edilir.\u00a0\u0130pek, kolay boyanabilen, yumu\u015fak ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir ip olmas\u0131 nedeniyle tarih boyunca \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetli bir dokuma ham maddesi olmu\u015ftur. \u00dcretimle ilgili a\u015famalar; dut a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n yeti\u015ftirilmesi, ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi tohumu ve ya\u015f koza \u00fcretimi ve kozadan iplik \u00e7ekilmesidir.\u00a0Kozadan \u00e7ekilen iplik \u00e7\u00f6zg\u00fcye g\u00f6nderilerek kuma\u015f ipli\u011fi elde edilir. Kuma\u015f iplikler daha sonra tezgaha getirilerek elde edilmek istenen \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn (g\u00f6mlek, \u015fal, fular, \u015falvar vb.) kuma\u015f\u0131 dokumaya ba\u015flan\u0131r. \u0130pek Dokuma ise;\u00a0ham maddesi koza olan ipekten iplik elde edildikten sonra uygun masuralara \u00e7ekilir. Daha sonra \u00e7\u00f6zg\u00fcye verilen iplikler tezg\u00e2ha yerle\u015ftirilerek tahara i\u015flemine ge\u00e7ilir. Taharadan sonra gerilir ve dokuma i\u015flemine ba\u015flan\u0131r. Dokumadan g\u00f6mlek, \u015fal, masa \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc, fular vb. \u00fcr\u00fcnler elde edilir.<\/p>\r\n<p>Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi \u00e7ok eskilere dayanan \u0130pek B\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011fi, yo\u011fun emek sarf edilerek yap\u0131lan bir i\u015ftir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Samanda\u011f ve Harbiye\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6ylerin \u00e7o\u011funda hemen hemen her evde \u00fcretilen ve beslenen ipek b\u00f6cek\u00e7ili\u011finin bug\u00fcn art\u0131k yok olmak \u00fczere olan geleneksel mesleklerimizdendir. Hatay\u2019da ipek b\u00f6ce\u011fi kozas\u0131 ile ipek \u00fcretimi tarihe kar\u0131\u015f\u0131rken baba mesle\u011fi diye devam etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan baz\u0131 aileler taraf\u0131ndan ya\u015fat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmakta ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye tan\u0131t\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130pek kuma\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok sa\u011flam ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Ses \u00f6tesi concorde u\u00e7aklar\u0131n\u0131n burnundaki kaplamada ve \u00e7elik yeleklerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yak\u0131n d\u00f6neme kadar yaln\u0131zca giyim sanayi de kullan\u0131lan ipek b\u00f6ylece silah sanayine de girmi\u015f oldu. Dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r.Hatay\u2019da dokumac\u0131l\u0131k ah\u015fap tezgahlarda, \u00e7\u00f6zg\u00fc ipleri u\u00e7lar\u0131na tahta \u00e7ubuklar ve \u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015flar\u0131 ba\u011flan\u0131p gerilerek yap\u0131l\u0131r. Hatay\u2019\u0131n Samanda\u011f ve Harbiye\u2019nin k\u00f6yleri dokumac\u0131l\u0131kla \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu k\u00f6ylerde \u00fcretilen \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00e7ar\u015faf, pike ve cibinliktir.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>DEFNE YA\u011eI VE SABUN (GAR SABUNU) YAPIMI<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>Ana maddesi bitkisel ve\/veya hayvansal ya\u011flar\u0131n, ya\u011f asitlerinin alkalilerle reaksiyon sonucunda elde edilen genellikle temizleyici olarak kullan\u0131lan bir maddedir. Defne a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n meyve (Fructus Lauri) ve yapraklar\u0131ndan elde edilen defne ya\u011f\u0131 (Oleum Lauri) sabun imalat\u0131nda ve hekimlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Meyvesi Fiorivente Alkolat\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fimine girdi\u011fi i\u00e7in mideyi rahatlat\u0131c\u0131, terletici ve idrar s\u00f6k\u00fcc\u00fc olarak, ayr\u0131ca romatizmal ve cilt hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde kullan\u0131lan defne ya\u011f\u0131 ve yapraklar\u0131 son y\u0131llarda d\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere ihra\u00e7 edilmektedir. Normal iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131nda y\u0131ll\u0131k defne ya\u011f\u0131 rezervi Hatay b\u00f6lgesinde yap\u0131lan son ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara g\u00f6re 150-250 ton civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. Defne ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karan herhangi bir sanayi kurulu\u015fu yoktur. Bu ya\u011f, k\u00f6yl\u00fcler taraf\u0131ndan basit usuller ile 8-12 saat kadar ha\u015flanarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Bu ya\u011flarla ve katk\u0131 maddeleri ile sabun \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Antakya\u2019da en az 150 y\u0131ldan beri ta\u015f kazanlarda sabun \u00fcretildi\u011fi bilinir. Bu i\u015fi yapan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7oktur ve yayg\u0131n olarak yap\u0131lan yerlerden biri de Harbiye\u2019dir.<\/p>\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>YEREL ZANAATLER VE SANAT DALLARI \u00a0 \u00a0 AH\u015eAP OYMACILI\u011eI Ah\u015fap Oyma;\u00a0malzeme \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7izimin \u00f6zel kesici aletlerle istenmeyen yerlerinin yontulmas\u0131 ile elde edilmesi sanat\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Ah\u015fap oyma i\u015finde derin oyma (sand\u0131k \u00fczeri, koltuk i\u015flemesi, vb.), keserek oyma (tu\u011fra, sandalye s\u0131rt\u0131 gibi) ve \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu oyma (heykel, ka\u015f\u0131k, m\u00fczik aleti gibi yontular) teknikleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. &nbsp; AH\u015eAP YAKMA [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":121,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Yerel Zanaatler - EXPO 2021 Hatay<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\"  content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\"  href=\"https:\/\/expo2021hatay.com\/ar\/hatay\/sanat\/yerel-zanaatler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\"  content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\"  content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\"  content=\"Yerel Zanaatler - EXPO 2021 Hatay\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\"  content=\"YEREL ZANAATLER VE SANAT DALLARI \u00a0 \u00a0 AH\u015eAP OYMACILI\u011eI Ah\u015fap Oyma;\u00a0malzeme \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7izimin \u00f6zel kesici aletlerle istenmeyen yerlerinin yontulmas\u0131 ile elde edilmesi sanat\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Ah\u015fap oyma i\u015finde derin oyma (sand\u0131k \u00fczeri, koltuk i\u015flemesi, vb.), keserek oyma (tu\u011fra, sandalye s\u0131rt\u0131 gibi) ve \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu oyma (heykel, ka\u015f\u0131k, m\u00fczik aleti gibi yontular) teknikleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. &nbsp; 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